The Drug Heroin - 1362 Words

Heroin and commonly known by its street names of H, smack, horse, brown, black, tar, and others, is an opioid analgesic originally synthesized by C.R. Alder Wright in 1874 by adding two acetyl groups to the molecule morphine, which is found naturally in the opium poppy. It is the 3,6-diacetyl ester of morphine. Heroin itself is an inactive drug, but when inserted into the body, it converts into morphine. Illicit heroin is sometimes available in freebase form, dulling the sheen and consistency to a matte-white powder. Because of its lower boiling point, the freebase form of heroin is also smokable. It is prevalent in heroin coming from Afghanistan, which as of 2004 produced roughly 87% of the world supply in illicit raw opium. As with other opioids, diacetylmorphine is used as both an analgesic and a recreational drug. Frequent and regular administration is associated with tolerance and physical dependence. Internationally, diacetylmorphine is controlled under Schedules I and IV of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. It is illegal to manufacture, possess, or sell diacetylmorphine without a license in almost every country, except the UK and Switzerland. It is also available for prescription to long-term users as a form of opioid replacement therapy in the United Kingdom, Netherlands, Switzerland, Germany, and Denmark, alongside psycho-social care—in the same manner that methadone or buprenorphine are used in the United States and Canada—and a similar programme is beingShow MoreRelatedHeroin : Drugs And Drugs1472 Words   |  6 PagesAlso known as Diamorphine, heroin was first successfully synthesized by Charles Romley Alder Wright, a researcher at St. Mary’s Medical Hospital in London. American doctors jumped on the release of heroin as soon as it hit the markets. Heroin was used to treat many things including headaches, colds and even female hysteria. Around the time of its invention, a major morphine epidemic was sweeping across the nation. It was believed by the majority of American doctors that heroin had a solution to the longRead MoreHeroin Drugs1563 Words   |  7 Pagesseeds to top breads and bagels, a lso makes the substance in heroin. Heroin is highly addictive, it is an opioid drug. Organizations estimate 9.2 million people world wide are using heroin. Heroin is most often injected but can be snorted or smoked as well. Research shows around 78 americans die everyday from opioid overdose’s. this ppaper will examine viewpoint one, two and my viewpoint on should cities open supervised injection sites for heroin addicts. To begin with, viewpoint one believes supervisedRead MoreHeroin Is A Dangerous Drug Essay888 Words   |  4 Pagescookie cutter heroin user. In fact, many of heroin’s newest addicts are in their teens or early 20s; many also come from middle- or upper-middle-class suburban families. Heroin is a dangerous drug that has many different â€Å"street names† such as Smack, Mud, Dope, Dragon, and Junk. The scientific names are diacetylmorphine or morphine diacetate, also known as diamorphine. In the United States alone, there are 1.2 million people who are using heroin. 600,000 of those users are addicted to heroin and use 150Read MoreThe Heroin Drug Market984 Words   |  4 Pages These two drugs bleed the world more than any other for very different reasons.It is a slow painful death robbing individuals of choice and diverting billions of dollars to drug suppliers. There are plenty of drugs available in every neighborhood. They are all around us, ranging in addictiveness, deadliness, and availability. The two most damaging to society and the individual are readily available despite decades of the best efforts by the U.S. and every other nation around the world. A 16 yearRead MoreDrugs : The Use Of Heroin1614 Words   |  7 PagesThe Use of Heroin My name is Destiny Marcum and I have never been addicted to drugs, but I have seen it first hand through my parents. My parents were heroin addicts for seven years and it made life extremely difficult for them as well as my siblings and me. I am currently in the process of receiving a degree in human services and have a certification in Addiction Studies. I think my parent’s addictions growing up greatly led to my desire to learn about addiction and helping others in this careerRead MoreHeroin Is A Dangerous Drug992 Words   |  4 Pages Heroin is known as an opium drug and is injected directly into a person’s view. It is common knowledge that heroin is a dangerous drug. Philip Seymour Hoffman is just one of countless people who have died from using heroin. The articles that came out after Hoffman died of an overdose suggest a rising heroin epidemic. USA Today and Washington Times were just two of several newspapers and other media outlets to report on this epidemic. USA Today reasons that says since there is a tougher crackdownRead MoreEssay on The Drug Heroin1390 Words   |  6 PagesDrugs Drugs have been around for hundreds of years. Indians were known to have used Opium and other drugs for medical and various other purposes. During the 7th Century A.D. in China a drug emerged called Opium. Opium, the dry juice from immature seed pods of the opium poppy plant, is a narcotic drug that is very powerful in the relief of pain but is also very addictive. At the beginning Opium was like any other drug, but then people unaware of the harm it could cause began to useRead MoreDrug Addiction : Drugs And Heroin Addiction1130 Words   |  5 PagesThe arguments for whether or not to prescribe heroin to treat heroin addictions are controversial. Henden and Baeroe (2015) state both sides of the arguments being that some believe â€Å"it is in the nature of heroin addiction for individuals to lose their ability to resist their desire for heroin,† which knowing the nature of chemical dependency, heroin addicts would not refuse any heroin, so it still possibly an invalid consent to research participation as they did not have a free choice to reallyRead MoreHeroin As A Drug Free World1632 Words   |  7 PagesIt is estimated that 9.2 million people in the world currently are addicted to heroin. In 2007, the National Survey on Drug Use and Health reported 153,000 current heroin users in the United States. (Foundation for a Drug-Free World, 2017). Diacetylmorphine, more commonly known as heroin, was developed in 1874 when an Engl ish scientist, C.R. Alder Wright from St. Mary’s Hospital in London, attached two acetyl groups to morphine. This change was so significant because it made a product that wasRead MoreDrug Wall Paper: Heroin1609 Words   |  7 PagesNational Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), approximately 3.5 million Americans ages 12 and older reported trying heroin at least once during their lifetimes. The average addict spends between $150 – $200 a day to maintain a heroin addiction.† Heroin is a highly addictive opiate drug formed as a crystalline white powder from morphine. Heroin was first synthesized in 1874, it is a potent drug derived from the seedpods of poppy plants. It is used as a painkiller and a recreational drug. It is

Philosophy 101 Study Guide Free Essays

string(211) " we exercise courage to the extent then that part of the soul is excellent \* Responsible for anger \* Views on Women: Plato believed that women had a right, or you might even call it a role to play in society\." * Socrates: Philosopher who believed in an absolute right or wrong; asked students pointed questions to make them use their reason, later became Socratic Method. Charged with introducing strange gods and corrupting the young, he committed suicide. * Rhetoric: Saying things in a convincing matter * Skepticism: The idea that nothing can ever be known for certain. We will write a custom essay sample on Philosophy 101 Study Guide or any similar topic only for you Order Now * Sophists: A wise and informed person, critical of traditional mythology, rejected â€Å"fruitless† philosophical speculations. A member of a school of ancient Greek professional philosophers who were expert in and taught the skills of rhetoric, argument, and debate, but were criticized for specious reasoning. * Socratic Irony: Feign Ignorance, or pretend to be dumber than really are to expose the weaknesses of people’s thinking * â€Å"One thing only I know, and that is that I know nothing† * â€Å"He knows what good is will do good† * Plato (428-347 B. C. Athens, Greece): Student of Socrates. Established ‘The Academy’. Wrote Dialogues. He was a Dualist. * Two parts to a human: Body ; Soul Plato regarded the body and soul as separate entities * A person may crave or have an appetite for something, yet resist the craving with willpower. A correctly operating soul requires the highest part, reason, to control the lowest part, appetite, with assistance from the will. * Plato believed that though the body dies and disintegrates, the soul continues to live forever. After the deat h of the body, the soul migrates to what Plato called the realm of the pure forms. There, it exists without a body, contemplating the forms. After a time, the soul is reincarnated in another body and returns to the world. But the reincarnated soul retains a dim recollection of the realm of forms and yearns for it * Theory of ideas/forms: the reality behind the material world, which contains the eternal and immutable â€Å"patterns† behind the various phenomena, we come across in nature. * Plato believed that everything tangible in nature flows. There are no substances that do not dissolve, and so everything is made of a timeless â€Å"mold† or â€Å"form† that is eternal and immutable. * Eternal: Lasting or existing orever; without end or beginning. * Immutable: Unable to be changed * Form (Ideas): A form is an abstract property or quality. Take any property of an object; separate it from that object and consider it by itself, and you are contemplating a form. For example, if you separate the roundness of a basketball from its color, its weight, etc. and consider just roundness by itself, you are thin king of the from of roundness. * The forms are transcendent. This means that they do not exist in space and time. A material object, a basketball, exists at a particular place at a particular time. A form, roundness, does not exist at any place or time. * Pure – the forms only exemplify one property. Material objects are impure; they combine a number of properties such as blackness, circularity, and hardness into one object. * Archetypes – The forms are archetypes; that is, they are perfect examples of the property that they exemplify. The forms are the perfect models upon which all material objects are based. The form of redness, for example, is red, and all red objects are simply imperfect * Ultimately Real – The forms are the ultimately real entities, not material objects. All material objects are copies or images of some collection of forms; their reality comes only from the forms. * Causes – The forms are the causes of all things. * They provide the explanation of why any thing is the way it is * They are the source or origin of the being of all things * Systematically Interconnected – The forms comprise a system leading down from the form of the Good moving from more general to more particular, from more objective to more subjective. This systematic structure is reflected in the structure of the dialectic process by which we come to knowledge of the forms. * Realm of Forms (World of Ideas): The world that we perceive through the mind, using our concepts, seems to be permanent and unchanging. Humans have access to the realm of forms through the mind, through reason, given Plato’s theory of the subdivisions of the human soul. This gives them access to an unchanging world, invulnerable to the pains and changes of the material world. By detaching ourselves from the material world and our bodies and developing our ability to concern ourselves with the forms, we find a value which is not open to change or disintegration. * Realm of the Illusory (World of the Senses): The world we perceive through the senses seems to be always changing. It seems that all the objects we perceive with the senses are simply images or experiences in our mind. They are only subjective points of views on the real objects. For example, the world appears radically differently to a color blind person than it does to us. The objects that we perceive as colored, then, must not be the real objects, but just our experience of these objects that is determined by my particular subjective point of view and perceptual apparatus. * True Knowledge * He believed that as result of the constant change within the material world we could never really have true knowledge. * Eros: Greek god of love; son of Aphrodite; often shown blindfolded * Rationalism: the belief that human reason is the primary source of our knowledge of the world * Three parts of the Soul Reason (Intellect) * In the Head * Provide Wisdom * Where our individual/ unique talents lie * If reason functions excellently (arete) then we are wise to that extent * If we exercise wisdom to the extent then that part of the soul is excellent * Responsible for love of learning, spirited, animated * Passion [Appetite/Desire] * From Greek word â€Å"Pathe† meaning the irrational movements of the soul * In gut * Provides temperance If passion functions excellently then we are temperate * If we exercise temperance to the extent then that part of the soul is excellent * Responsible for Desire * Thymos * Means Spirit/Will * In Heart * Provides Courage * Can help reason master passion * If we exercise courage to the extent then that part of the soul is excellent * Responsible for anger * Views on Women: Plato believed that women had a right, or you might even call it a role to play in society. You read "Philosophy 101 Study Guide" in category "Essay examples" Their role was to be a significant part of society, different from men, but still play a part. Plato believed that women were necessary for society to run smoothly. * Women were not equals of men * Women lacked strength * Women are naturally maternal * In Plato’s time it was unheard of to view women as more than a piece of property. * Dualist: a sharp division between the reality of thought and extended reality. * Aristotle (384-322 B. C; Macedonia, Athens): Pupil of Plato’s. Believed Plato’s world of ideas did not exist but that the eternal idea was really a concept- the idea of a horse that we have after seeing many of them. Learn know through the senses. â€Å"20 questions†. Causes * What type of material it is made of? * Wood * What type of thing it is? * Table * What caused it to come into being? * How it was built; the task needed to be done to create the table * Purpose or Final Cause (Telos): The purpose, end, aim, or goal of something. The final cause is the cause why a thing exists. * Meant to be a dinner table or desk * Views on Women: Vi ewed them as â€Å"unfinished men†. * Golden Mean: One cannot be too much of one thing or too less, need to be balanced * Empiricism: Derive all knowledge from what the senses tell us. There are no innate ideas and cannot prove the existence of God, eternity or substance * Hellenism: The period of time and the Greek-dominated culture that prevailed in the three Hellenistic Kingdoms of Macedonia, Syria, and Egypt. The diffusion of Greek Culture throughout the Mediterranean world after the conquest of Alexander the Great. * The Cynics: True happiness doesn’t come from external advantages, like power/good health. Once you have true happiness, it can’t be lost. Their own/others health shouldn’t disturb them. * The Stoics * Stoicism was founded by a man named Zeno, who lived from 335-263 BC. He used to lecture not in a classroom but outside, on the porch of a public building * The word for porch in Greek is STOA, and so people called his students Stoics * People should try to reach inner peacefulness * Moderate in everything * Be happy with what they had. This would lead to a happy life * The best indication of an individual’s philosophy was not what a person said but how he behaved * Destructive emotions resulted from errors in judgment * Sage: person of â€Å"moral and intellectual perfection† * Would not suffer from such emotions The Epicureans: They believed pleasure is the greatest good, but to attain pleasure was to live modestly, gain knowledge of the workings of the world, and limit to one’s desires. * Neo-Platonism: Belief of two poles on Earth, one end is the dive light called the One (God). Other end is absolute darkness, no existence, the absence of light. * Syncretism: The combining of different beliefs, often while melding practices of various schools of thought. * Mysticism: One with God, merging with him. â€Å"I am God. † or â€Å"I am You. † * Two Cultures The Indo-Europeans: Related languages of Europe, India, and Iran, which are believed to have descended from a common tongue spoken roughly in the third millennium B. C. by an agricultural peoples originating in SE Europe * The Semites: A member of any of the peoples who speak or spoke a Semitic language, including in particular the Jews and Arabs- mostly Middle Easterners, they saw history as an on going line, world will end on judgment day * The Middle Ages: Period of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century * St. Augustine: Latin-speaking philosopher and theologian who lived in the Roman Africa Province. Influence of the Arabs: The Arabic-Latin translation movements in the Middle Ages, which paralleled that from Greek into Latin, led to the transformation of almost all philosophical disciplines in the medieval Latin world. * St. Thomas Aquinas: Tried to make Aristotle’s philosophy compatible with Christianity. Believed Christendom and philosophy were the same thing. Used bible as a source of reason. Created a synthesis between faith and knowledge. Said there are natural theological truths—truths that can be reached through both Christian faith and innate reason. Tried to prove god’s existence of Aristotle’s philosophy. Everything has a formal cause. God has revealed himself to mankind through both reason and the bible. * The Renaissance: period of European history at the close of the Middle Ages and the rise of the modern world; a cultural rebirth from the 14th through the middle of the 17th centuries * Reformation: religious movement of 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches * Three Major Discoveries: The compass, Firearms, and printing press. The Baroque: Historic period from about 1600 until 1750 when the baroque style of art, architecture, and music flourished in Europe * Carpe Diem: Seize the day. * Memento Mori: â€Å"Remember your mortality†- meaning ‘Remember, you will die’. * Idealism: the philosophical theory that ideas are the only reality. * Materialism: the belief of material things (atoms and the void). All r eal things derive from concrete substances. Determinism: Laplace (french mathematician) said that everything that happens is predetermined- contradicting the belief of free will and suggests that the outcome of everything is written in the stars * Descartes: French philosopher and mathematician; developed dualistic theory of mind and matter. Father of modern Philosophy. * His main concern was what we can know – certain knowledge * â€Å"Je pense donc je suis†: â€Å"I think, therefore I am† * â€Å"Cogito ergo sum†: â€Å"I think, therefore I am† said by Rene Descartes. * Two Forms of Reality: Thought Extention Agnostic: Unsure/Undecided/Needs more information. Unable to say categorically whether or not the gods/God exists; brought about by Sophist Protagoras * Atheist: Does not believe in God. * Spinoza: Baruch Spinoza-Jewish-Dutch rationalist (one of the great rationalists in 17th century); opposed Descartes’ mind-body dualism; he laid gr oundwork for Enlightenment. Also wrote the book of Ethics * Historico-Critical Interpretation of the Bible: Spinoza applied the scientific method to the reading of Scripture, and this became what is now known as the â€Å"historical-critical method. His view was that religious conflict in Europe was a result of differing interpretation on key biblical passages. He developed this method of reading Scripture in order to bring about universal agreement on its meaning. * Pantheist: God is infinite, he is present in everything. * Universal Law of Nature: the laws and rules of nature, according to which all things happen, and change from one form to another, are always and everywhere the same. So the way of understanding the nature of anything, of whatever kind, must also be the same, * One Substance: The claim that there is one and only one substance. This substance he identifies as God. * â€Å"Substance†: Does not need the conception of any other thing in order to be conceived * substance is its own cause * that it is infinite * that it is the only substance; for if there were two substances, they would limit each other and cease to be independent * Monist: reduces nature and the condition of all things to one single substance. Inner-Cause: Humans come to understand that their struggle follows by necessity from the struggle of Nature, and that it has an inner link with other parts of the environment through a common inner cause, Nature. * Determinist: Laplace (french mathematician) said that everything that happens is predetermined- contradicting the belief of free will and suggests that the outcome of everything is written in the stars * Free Will: Doctrine that conduct of the individual is the result of personal choice. not divine forces of fate) * Locke: English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience. * Empiricism: Derive all knowledge from what the senses tell us- came from Aristotle. There are no innate ideas and cannot prove the existence of God, eternity or substance) * Two questions about ideas? * Where do we get all of these ideas which are the content of our knowedge? * Whether things in the world fit our ideas, and not whether our ideas correspond to the nature of things in the world * Tabula Rasa: Clean slate. Primary Qualities: Extension, weight, senses reproduce them objectively. * Secondary Qualities: Color, smell; reproduce the things that are inherent in the things themselves. * Natural Rights: Locke’s political philosophy is his theory of natural rights privileges or claims to which an individual was entitled * Hume (1711-1776; English): Scottish philosopher whose s ceptical philosophy restricted human knowledge to that which can be perceived by the senses. He was an Empiricist. * Two types of Perception * Impression: how we experience the world Ideas: what we recall of our impressions * Faith v. Knowledge: Knowledge is divided into three Categories * Knowledge * Belief * Faith (this is of lower grade than belief and knowledge) * Laws of Nature or Cause Effect: Emphasized that the expectation of one thing following another does not lie in the things themselves, but in our mind. Sophist Teaching compared to Socrates Teachings: Sophist’s desired money in return for teaching young men various things about political and social life, such as rhetoric. ? Socrates was a philosopher, whom spent his days wandering around the gym and the agora, talking to people. He developed a following of young Greeks, such as Plato and Xenephon. Socrates did not charge for his teachings. He also made a habit of proving just how little Sophist’s actually knew. Many people did believe Socrates was a Sophist and this is a reasonable claim, because Sophist were know to be knowledgeable people that taught the same skills Socrates was. Although Socrates would not consider himself a Sophist and would be known to talk down about them about how little they actually knew. Plato’s Myth of the Cave: A few people were sitting underground in a cave, facing the wall. They cannot turn around, and all they have ever seen are shadows of objects projected onto the wall. One manages to turn around, and he sees the actual items that he has only ever seen shadows of. It is completely dazzling. Plato is trying to demonstrate the relationship of the material world and the world of ideas. Compared to the world of ideas, the material world is dreary. When Aristotle disagreed with Plato’s Theory of Forms; What did Aristotle offer up as an alternative explanation for Reality? Aristotle argued that the theory of forms is seriously flawed: it is not supported by good arguments; it requires a form for each thing; and it is too mathematical. Worst of all, on Aristotle’s view, the theory of forms cannot adequately explain the occurrence of change. By identifying the thing with its essence, the theory cannot account for the generation of new substances. Aristotle was the first philosopher to formalize the subject of Metaphysics. As Aristotle explains, Metaphysics is the study of the One Substance (and its Properties) which exists and causes / connects all things, and is therefore the necessary foundation for all human knowledge. Aristotle was correct to realize that One Substance must have Properties that cause matter’s interconnected activity and motion. Hellenistic Period in Mediterranean World (300 BCE 0 400 BCE): Common themes that pervaded multiple cultures at this time? The time between the death of King Alexander the Great and the emergence of Ancient Greece * the term Hellenistic to define the period when Greek culture spread in the non-Greek world after Alexander’s conquest * The Greek language being established as the official language of the Hellenistic world * The art and literature of the era were transformed accordingly to more Greek styles * The Greek were the majority over the Mediterranean world, but t hey often outnumbered by natives in the land; sometime there would be little interaction in some places between the Greek and the natives * The development of the Alexander Romance (mainly in Egypt) owes much to Greek theater as well as other styles of story. * The spread of Greek culture throughout the Near East and Asia owed much to the development of cities. * The identification of local gods with similar Greek deities facilitated the building of Greek-style temples, and the Greek culture in the cities also meant that buildings. How is Christianity a blending between the Indo-European Semitic World views? The Greeks and Romans are a part of Indo-European culture, while the Jews belong to Semitic culture. He describes how Indo-European culture was characterized by a belief in many gods—pantheism. Similar ideas popped up in many different Indo-European languages, and were expressed by words that resembled each other greatly. The Semites, on the other hand, are characterized by monotheism, the belief in one god. Judaism, Islam, and Christianity are all Semitic religions. But Christianity complicates things, because it spread throughout Indo-European cultures and incorporated many features of those cultures. Semitic religions believe in one like Christianity, but also Indo-European culture believes in a messiah just like Jesus in the Christianity religion; so technically both cultures played a part in shaping Christianity. What is Descartes first movement of what is referred to as modern philosophy? What was his main â€Å"project† what type of conclusions did he arrive at? Descartes is often regarded as the first thinker to emphasize the use of reason to develop the Natural Sciences. It can be said his main goal was to find out truth to God’s existence then human existence, as these were the main two subjects. Descartes was the first philosopher in a long time to attempt to bring all knowledge into a coherent philosophy. His concerns were with certain knowledge—that which we can know for sure—and the mind/body relationship. Because philosophers believed in a mechanistic view of nature, it was critical to figure out how the mind’s thoughts became translated into actions of the body. Descartes doubted everything that was not certain and then realized that the very fact of his doubting meant he must be thinking. From there, he decided that the existence of God is also certain, and went on to define the world in terms of thought and matter, which he called extension. The mind and body interact, but the goal is to get the mind to operate solely according to reason. What did Spinoza propose as a way for understanding the world? How does this compare to Descartes conclusions? How are they similar? How are they different? He rejected Descartes’s dualism and believed that thought and extensions are simply two of God’s features that we can perceive. He had a deterministic view of the world, believing that God controlled all through natural laws. Spinoza felt that only God was truly free but that people could attain happiness through seeing things â€Å"from the perspective of eternity. † They are similar, because they both believe in God, but they are very different from Descartes relying mostly on reason, and Spinoza thinking that God controls everything through Natural Laws. Hume’s ideas on morality the source of morality: David Hume, an 18th century philosopher, stated that morality is based on sentiments rather than reason. He concluded this after he developed his â€Å"theory† of knowledge which stated that everything we could know was observable by the senses — he was a naturalistic philosopher. He then looked at situations in which he thought that there was an obvious â€Å"wrong† and he How to cite Philosophy 101 Study Guide, Essay examples

Language Acquistion Essays - Language Acquisition, Linguistics

Language Acquistion Language acquisition is the process of learning a native or a second language. Although how children learn to speak is not perfectly understood, most explanations involve both the observation that children copy what they hear and the inference that human beings have a natural aptitude for understanding grammar. Children usually learn the sounds and vocabulary of their native language through imitation, and grammar is seldom taught to them; that they rapidly acquire the ability to speak grammatically. This supports the theory of Noam Chomsky (1959). that children are able to learn the grammar of a particular language because all intelligible languages are founded on a deep structure of universal grammatical rules that corresponds to an innate capacity of the human brain. Adults learning a second language pass through some of the same stages, as do children learning their native language. In the first part of this paper I will describe the process of language acquisition. The second part will review how infants respond to speech. Language Acquisition Language is multifaceted. It contains both verbal and non-verbal aspects that children seem to acquire quickly. Before birth virtually all the neurons (nerve cells) are formed, and they migrate into their proper locations in the brain in the infant. When a baby is born, it can see and hear and smell and respond to touch, but only dimly. The brain stem, a primitive region that controls vital functions like heartbeat and breathing, has completed its wiring. Elsewhere the connections between neurons are wispy and weak. But over the first few months of life, the brain's higher centers explode with new synapses. This helps an infant to be biologically prepared to face the stages of language acquisition. According to the textbook Child Development: A Thematic Approach, 3rd Edition (D. Bukatko & M.W. Daehler, 1996, p. 252) there are four main components to language acquisition. These components are phonology, semantics, syntax and pragmatics. Phonology is the study of how speech sounds are organized and how they function. It is the main linguistic accomplishment during the first year of life. The phonology of language refers to fundamental sounds units and the rules for combining them. Each language has a certain number of sounds called phonemes. Phonemes are the smallest unit of sound that affects the meaning of a word. Infants are able to identify hundreds of variations of sounds. For example, an infant who is six months old can detect the difference between ma and pa. An infant's first year is mainly receiving messages but also working on being able to produce messages. As they physically develop infants form the ability to make sounds. Some of these initial sounds are cooing, vowel like utterances occasionally accompanied by consonants and babbling which are consonant-vowel combinations. During the first 6 months of life, physiological changes, such as the shape of oral cavity, tongue development, motor control of lips, and tooth eruption, also take place that contribute to speech development. One of the infants task is to identify phonemes. According to the textbook (D.Bukatko the fluctuations of the voice. For example, raising your voice to ask a question or lowering it to let the infant know you are serious. This helps infants to learn the phonology of their language and prepares them for the next stage of learning which is semantics. Semantics is the meaning of words or combination of words. Shortly before babies have their first birthday, they begin to understand words, and around that birthday, they start to produce them (Clark, 1993). Words are usually produced in isolation. This one-word stage can last from two months to a year. Children's first words are similar all over the planet. About half the words are for objects: food (juice, cookie), body parts (eye, nose), clothing (diaper, sock), vehicles (car, boat), toys (doll, block), and household items (bottle, light, animals (dog, kitty), and people (dada, baby). At this time children usually start to use gestures to call attention to an object or event defined as protodeclarative communication. Protoimperative communication is the use of a gesture to issue a

Free Essays on Discussion Guide

Discussion Guide on Researching a Low-Carb Beer I. Warm-up Explanation of Focus Group (10-12 minutes) A. Explanation of focus group. B. There are no wrong or right answers. C. It is necessary everyone contributes. D. There will be people watching. E. Audiotapes and Video recorders will be on so I can interact with the group. F. Only one person can talk at once. G. Do not feel bad if you do not know something, we are looking to hear your opinions and how you feel about it. H. I will move the discussion on throughout the focus group in order to cover all topics. I. Any Questions? J. Ice breaker to get going. II. Beer Consumption (15 minutes) I am interested in seeing if you drink beer, the types you like, and why. A. How many of you have drink/drank beer? What type did you consume? Where did you consume/buy it? B. Why did you get that specific beer? C. Which do you drink most often? Why do you drink that most often? Was there a reason for your consumption of that beer? D. What amount did you purchase it in? Is price an issue? Do you see a difference in light beers compared to a non-light beer? E. How do you feel about light beers? Do you drink light beers because you do not want all the calories and carbohydrate that are in the other beers? III. Diet Fads (15 minutes) I will now talk about the concept of a low-carb beer that can be beneficial to your health and add in the diet process. This beer will have fewer calories and fewer carbohydrates. A. Is anyone currently on a diet or know someone on a diet? What kind of diet? Is it hard to consume alcoholic beverages when on this diet due to calories/carbs? What do you think of these diets? B. Would you purchase a product with less carbs/calories? Do you think there is a need for a product like this? C. Does anyone currently purchase dietary products? How much money to you think you spend a week/month on them? ... Free Essays on Discussion Guide Free Essays on Discussion Guide Discussion Guide on Researching a Low-Carb Beer I. Warm-up Explanation of Focus Group (10-12 minutes) A. Explanation of focus group. B. There are no wrong or right answers. C. It is necessary everyone contributes. D. There will be people watching. E. Audiotapes and Video recorders will be on so I can interact with the group. F. Only one person can talk at once. G. Do not feel bad if you do not know something, we are looking to hear your opinions and how you feel about it. H. I will move the discussion on throughout the focus group in order to cover all topics. I. Any Questions? J. Ice breaker to get going. II. Beer Consumption (15 minutes) I am interested in seeing if you drink beer, the types you like, and why. A. How many of you have drink/drank beer? What type did you consume? Where did you consume/buy it? B. Why did you get that specific beer? C. Which do you drink most often? Why do you drink that most often? Was there a reason for your consumption of that beer? D. What amount did you purchase it in? Is price an issue? Do you see a difference in light beers compared to a non-light beer? E. How do you feel about light beers? Do you drink light beers because you do not want all the calories and carbohydrate that are in the other beers? III. Diet Fads (15 minutes) I will now talk about the concept of a low-carb beer that can be beneficial to your health and add in the diet process. This beer will have fewer calories and fewer carbohydrates. A. Is anyone currently on a diet or know someone on a diet? What kind of diet? Is it hard to consume alcoholic beverages when on this diet due to calories/carbs? What do you think of these diets? B. Would you purchase a product with less carbs/calories? Do you think there is a need for a product like this? C. Does anyone currently purchase dietary products? How much money to you think you spend a week/month on them? ...

Brubaker

Treveon Albert Dec 1, 2011 Brubaker’’ Reaction paper ‘’Brubaker, movie of the 1980’s is an earnest, right minded, consistently unsurprising movie about a penologist named brubaker (Robert Redford), who sets out to reform a single corrupt prison and finds himself bucking the system, including the state administration that appointed him to his job. When the new warden comes in disguised as an inmate, he sees first hand all the corruption and scams the guards and prison officials are running. When he reveals himself, and starts to implement reforms to stop the corruption, the local community business, which had been benefiting from the scams, fights back, and the corrupt southern prison system, starts making political trouble for the new warden. As soon as brubaker identifies himself and takes command of Wakefield to begin his reform program, the film loses all pensions and becomes, instead, a predictable inventory of the problems faced by all reformers who, like brubaker, refuse to compromise. Based on the rebound of the movie, personally I think Robert Redford is a very courageous man and will overcome every obstacle in his way to be successful. Perhaps the personal view that brubaker has on starting the reform program is kind of a false approach because no one is on his side, and the people that are on his side can’t do anything to help him. Motivationally Lillian, the lady that is in the system believes in Mr. Brubaker can’t betray the state administration. To make a change brubaker would of been mostly successful by getting in the system. I was also influenced that this is kind of a life lesson. While trying to make a change always have resources that back you up and get people on your side with power and people that have a voice in the society Mr. Brubaker was living in. It is very noticeable that brubaker was out numbered. Without sustaining a change brubaker may have made a change but it wasn’t a process in the making, it was an

Road to Civil War Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Road to Civil War - Term Paper Example The weighty constitutional compromises were the Missouri Compromise of 1820, Compromise of 1850, the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 and repeal of the Missouri Compromise. The Missouri compromise of 1820 was as a result of an application for statehood made by Missouri in 1817. It was the first territory to apply for statehood within the area of Louisiana Purchase. This provoked the anger among northern states politicians because the main agenda of Southern leaders were to have a state with no restriction on slavery. Missouri application resulted to a fiery debate between the north and south over the issue of slavery in the new territories admitted as states to the union. Slavery was the most divisive issue between northern and southern States in early 1800s,and it threatened to break the union because of their differences regarding the slaves. Northern states were against slavery, and they wanted to have it outlawed. The Missouri application also led to controversy in congress over the s lave states with Congressman James Talmadge of New York seeking for additional provision in the Missouri statehood bill specifically restricting further buying of slaves into Missouri. His amendment also sought to have children of slave’s already in Missouri be set free at age of 25. Although the house of representative had approved the amendment, the senate rejected them and voted in favor of southern thus allowing slavery in Missouri. Southern senators were also blocking the statehood of Maine though a compromise was worked out for it during the congress meeting of late 1819. The compromise resolved that Maine would enter the union as Free State, while the Missouri would enter as a slave state (Alexander and Rucker 340). Alabama joined the union as a slave a state, making the number of slave states and Free states equal. The Missouri Compromise agreement helped is regulating the spread of slavery into the other parts Louisiana Purchase. This was achieved because the agreeme nt had stated clearly that no any new territory was to be admitted in the union from Missouri’s southern border. The congressional compromise over slavery also helped in setting a precedent that congress could control slavery in new territories and states (Schultz 480). The Missouri Compromise was exceedingly fruitful as it managed to contain the issue of slavery for three decades thus preventing eruption of war between northern and southern states. The Compromise of 1850 was second, and it was as a result of the end, of the Mexican –American war in 1848. It consisted of a series of bills which were passed by congress in their attempt to determine whether the western territories surrendered by America after the end of the war will enter the union as free or slave states. The legislation was highly controversial, and it passed after a lot of struggles as it was destined to be unpopular. The legislation consisted of five laws, which managed to balance the interest of Fre e states and slave states. The compromise resulted to admission of California to the union as a free state; Texas was paid $10 million as financial compensation for abandoning claims to lands west of the Rio Grande, organisation of new territory of Mexico without prohibition of slavery, elimination of slavery in Washington, D.C., and passing of the fugitive Slave

Is Globalization Presently Being Governed To the extent that it is, Essay

Is Globalization Presently Being Governed To the extent that it is, how is it been done - Essay Example It is argued, that although pluralism is not a conventional method of understanding governance, it is a new and effective method for responding to the exigencies of the multi-layered nature of globalization. This research study is therefore divided into two parts. The first part of this paper defines globalization as a means of presenting the multi-layered nature of globalization. The second part of this paper describes and analyses the global legal pluralism in terms of the governing of globalization. Globalization: Definition and Concepts Globalization is typically attributed to changes occurring in the international political and economic arena in the second half of the 20th century.5 The domestic economies have become progressively integrated via trans-national trade, finance and investment activities. Advances in technology have also eliminated a number of obstacles related to time, space and distance which in turn have accelerated and facilitated market integration of domestic economies. With the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, the world stage has been dominated by a single â€Å"political ideology†, namely; capitalism.6 Snyder conceptualizes globalization as: ...an aggregate of multifaceted, uneven, often contradictory economic, political, social and cultural processes which are characteristic of our time.7 Governance of globalization necessarily means methods by which these aggregate and often conflicting forces are reconciled to respond to the challenges of globalization and to ensure that the political and economic benefits of globalization are realized. Another conceptualization of globalization identifies changes in the world political economy. In this regard, it is recognized that the world is no longer specifically organized around the idea of state sovereignty as the primary determinant in inter-state relations. Moreover, we â€Å"no longer live in a world of stable and predominantly self-contained national polit ical economic systems.†8 This reality arises out of the nature of globalization. Globalization essentially connects people in diverse ways across spaces so that borders become less significant. In this regard a generic definition of globalization is entirely useful in that it consists of four essential elements: interdependence, organization, culture and diffusion.9 Scholarly definitions of globalization also capture the interdependence of states within the international community. For instance and Harvard Professors Nye and Keohane refer to globalization as â€Å"globalism† which in turn is: A state of the world involving networks of interdependence at multi-continental distances. These networks can be linked through flows and influences of capital and goods, information and ideas, people and force, as well as environmentally and biologically relevant substances (such as acid rain or pathogens).10 ` Nye and Keohane also argue that while the term globalization became po pularized during

Tell Tale Heart and the Lotter Essay Example for Free

Tell Tale Heart and the Lotter Essay American writer Henry James believed characters are only as interesting as their responses to particular situations. The statement he made can be supported by many pieces of literature that we have encountered. The way a character reacts to the situation they are placed in can tell a lot about their true character. Two characters were placed in different situations in â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† written Edgar Allan Poe and The Lottery written by Shirley Jackson reactions will be discussed in this essay. In â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† the tenant thought he would get away with the murder he had, but committed cracked under the pressure. Initially when the police offers entered the home he was he was able to keep his composure, but he slowly started to break. My head ached, and I fancied a ringing in my ears: but still they sat and still chatted. The ringing became more distinct:—it continued and became more distinct: I talked more freely to get rid of the feeling: but it continued and gained definitiveness—until, at length, I found that the noise was not within my ears. (Poe 390) At this point the man started to hear things in his mind. He was imagining the beating of the old man’s heart. Prior to his delusion the reader probably believed he would get away with the murder. Finally the man can no longer take the sound of the old man’s heart beating beneath the floor boards. â€Å"Villains!† I shrieked, â€Å"dissemble no more! I admit the deed!—tear up the planks!—here, here!—it is the beating of his hideous heart!† (Poe 391) I believe he told the officers about the old man’s body because his conscience got to him. If he was like most cold, blooded killers his conscience would not have told him he had done something wrong. In â€Å"The Lottery† when the Hutchinson family initially draws the piece of paper from the old black box, Tessie continually pleads to do the redo the drawing of the names. She says, You didnt give him time enough to take any paper he wanted. I saw you. It wasnt fair!(Jackson 267). Even though the drawing of her family’s name was done completely fair she tries to come up with some excuse. Even though her whole family, including her children, initially had the potential to be stoned she was the only one who wanted a redrawing done. When Tessie’s realized she had the paper she did not even try to say goodbye to her family. Most people, even criminals today, would rather spend their last moments saying goodbye to their loved ones. Tessie on the other hand continually said, It isnt fair, it isnt right(Jackson 269). With her continually saying this isn’t fair or right this shows she does not believe in the system her town used. When she first got to the lottery she made a joke about leaving the dishes, as if she was okay with what was about to take place. When her family’s name was drawn her true feeling were shown. She obviously did not agree with having a human sacrifice in order to better her town’s chances of having a good harvest. Both the man from and Tessie were placed in some an extremely tense situation, and both reacted in a similar manner. The man cracked under the pressure of killing the old man and Tessie Hutchinson lost her composure when she found out she was the one who would be stoned. Henry James quote of â€Å"characters are only as interesting as their responses to particular situations† was confirmed from the above reading because both of the characters show a different, more interesting, side of themselves when they faced with a predicament.

Alcohol and its Effects Essay -- Alcoholism Drinking Essays

Alcohol and its Effects Does the brain control all forms of behavior? Is everything we do, say, think and feel a direct output from nothing but the brain? Is it justifiable to think of the brain as interconnected box within box with inputs and outputs? The focus of this paper is on the input alcohol and how the processes generate a certain type of behavior output. This focus of alcohol input and behavior output will demonstrate that indeed brain is and does equal all forms of behavior. When alcohol is inputted into our brain, it induces many forms of typical behavior outputs such as impaired judgement, extreme emotion, and slowed behavior. Long-term effects include damage in cognitive behavior especially associated with the frontal lobes of the brain such as "slowed processing of information, difficulty in learning new material, deficits in abstraction and problem solving, and reduced visuospatial abilities." (1). The reason for this kind of damage in cognitive behavior can be explained the alcohols effect on the brain structure itself. Researchers have found that brains of alcoholics are smaller and have an increased number of brain tissue loss then the comparable nonalcoholic. Known as the premature aging hypothesis, alcohol is stated to "accelerate normal aging" and make the young alcoholics older then they really are. This kind of aging due to alcohol allows the younger non-alcoholics of the same age, faster and quicker in cognitive abilities. (1) So what is the underlying mechanisms of this kind of output behavior? What goes on inside the boxes within boxes that cause actions such as slow cognitive output? These behavioral outputs can be explained from alcohol's effects on the humans' smallest box, the neuron. Wi... ...me reactions going on in our brains. And what are those 'reactions' exactly? I don't know." (5). There are many 'reactions' that occurs in our brain which produce behavior. Alcohol is one example of them. Internet Sources: 1) Alcohol-Related Cognitive Impairments. An Overview of How Alcoholism May Affect the Workings of the Brain http://wilsontxt.hwwilson.com/pdfhtml/04716/N5AQW/ES6.htm" 2)Serotonin's Role in Alcohol's Effects on the Brain http://wilsontxt.hwwilson.com/pdfhtml/04716/N7AQW/6S8.htm" 3) Neurochemical Mechanisms Underlying Alcohol Withdrawal http://wilsontxt.hwwilson.com/pdfhtml/04716/N8AQQ/5SD.htm 4)Media Awareness Project, maintains an extensive Drugnews Index of drug-related news clippings http://www.mapinc.org/drugnews/v99/n910/a02.html 5)Neurobiology and Behavior http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neur/neuro00/topic1.html

Professional Roles and Values Essay

Regulatory agencies, such as a state board of nursing, are government agencies that regulate nursing practice. They act to ensure nurses are competent in their practice and that standards of practice are met. These agencies examine nursing education programs, and are the ones who approve and accredit them. The agencies are responsible for granting licensure for nursing professionals and oversee the licensure exams. Their role also includes interpreting the state nurse practice acts and developing rules, regulations, and policies. When nurses do not follow those rules, regulations, and polices, or demonstrate unsafe behavior, the agencies are responsible for determining appropriate disciplinary actions against the nurse. Professional nursing organizations are non-regulatory groups that help nurses further their development through education and networking. These groups are great for sharing ideas, technological advances, and trends. Often, there are fees to join the organization. Once a member, nurses usually are given a discount on literature and other educational courses. These organizations act as nursing advocates, and are often involved in advocating for new legislation to improve the nursing practice. There are a wide range of associations. One example would be the Ohio Council for Home Care and Hospice (OCHCH). The OCHCH is a major source of support to home care agencies in Ohio by advocating for improvements in laws affecting home health, helping to interpret those laws for it’s members, and offering a large array of educational classes. In my professional practice, I deal with the state board of nursing to keep up with licensure of our home health staff. I deal with the OCHCH on a daily basis to stay informed of new regulation, and current educational opportunities for myself and our staff. The Code of Ethics for nursing is put out by the regulatory organizations, such as the state boards, and are also usually found on the  website of various professional organizations, such as the ANA. In the Code of Ethics, Provision 4 states â€Å"The nurse is responsible and accountable for individual nursing practice and determines the appropriate delegation of tasks consistent with the nurses obligation to provide optimum patient care† (American Nurses Association, 2001). This statement from the code of ethics greatly influences my individual nursing practice, as well as my original decision to become a nurse. My father was diagnosed with multiple myeloma when I was 19. At that time I was in college studying mechanical engineering. Dad had many hospital visits over the next few years. I was amazed at the differences in the nurses, and their effect on his hospital experience. Some were excellent. They took care of his needs, both physically and emotionally. Others, did not. During one hospital stay, he was suffering a great deal from pain. Despite multiple requests for pain medication, one nurse chose to sit at the nurses station and talk with co-workers about their upcoming Christmas party instead of bringing him his pain medication. It was at that moment that I decided to go into nursing as a profession. I had seen first hand what a difference a good nurse can make in a patient’s life, as well as a not-so-good one. I wanted to be one of the good ones. If I could make a difference in even one patient’s life, it would be well worth it. Many years later, I still hold myself accountable for my own nursing practice, and delegate appropriately when needed, in order to take optimal care of my patient’s needs. I treat my patients the way I would want my dad to be treated if he was still alive. Provision 2 states â€Å"The nurse’s primary commitment is to the patient, whether an individual, family, group, or commun ity† (American Nurses Association, 2001). This is important in any area of nursing. I work in home health, and I feel this is especially true with my patients. As a home health nurse, I am one of many nurses who are the eyes and ears of physicians in the home setting. I feel it’s important to see a patient in their home environment in order to assess family and cultural influences that might have an impact on the patient’s outcome. We can then develop and individualized care plan and work with the physician to help meet their needs. At times, I have found issues in the home and met resistance when talking with the doctor to get new orders. It’s important to advocate for the patient in those situations and clearly communicate the patient’s needs  to the physician. There are 4 traits, or characteristics, within the Code of Ethics that I am going to discuss. The first is collaboration. I work in home health, and collaborate on a daily basis with other members of the interdisciplinary team. As a case manager, I am constantly in contact with the nurses, physical therapists, occupational therapists, speech therapists, social workers, and physicians to make sure all of the patient’s needs are being met. Often, at the time of initial patient assessment, only nursing is ordered for the patient. If I see that the patient is a fall risk, is having trouble bathing and dressing, has trouble with swallowing or cognition, is depressed, or needs financial assistance, it is my responsibility to call the doctor and get orders to get other disciplines involved. Once they are involved, we work together, along with the patient and family, to come up with a care plan that is individualized for that patient. Throughout the patient’s course of care, we work together to make sure goals are being met. If not, we look at how we need to adjust the care plan in order to meet those goals. Confidentiality is another trait found in the code of ethics. When working with an interdisciplinary team, it’s important to work on a need to know basis. For example, the speech therapist doesn’t need to know about the patient’s financial issues unless it would relate to the patient’s need to buy thickener for their food. The social worker, on the other hand, would need to know about the patient’s financial situation, in detail, in order to help the patient get set up with financial assistance in the community. Privacy is another trait that our multidisciplinary team deals with. In home care, it’s hard for the patients and families to allow others into their home, without feeling like their privacy is being invaded. It’s important to, as a team, build up trust with the patients. The various disciplines work together to coordinate our schedules to best fit the patient/family in order to help maintain that privacy. For example, rather than all scheduling a visit on the same day, we stagger our vis its throughout the week in order to minimize our time in the home each day. This actually helps with patient outcomes as well, because there is a skilled clinician in the home on most days that can keep their eyes and ears on the patient. Integrity is the last trait I will talk about. It’s important for me in home care to maintain moral integrity. It would be easy to falsify records, such as my time in and time out of a  patient’s home. I feel moral integrity is important, whether practicing nursing, or in my every day life. I strive every day to uphold it. There have been many wonderful nursing theories over the years. One that I practice every day is Dorthea Orem’s self-care deficit model. Typically, a patient needs home care when they have suffered a debilitating accident or illness. As a nurse, it’s my job to find out what their self care deficits are, whether they be functional, cognitive, etc. I then work to individualize a care plan that includes therapy, disease process education, etc., that will help them get back to their previous level of functioning if possible. If they aren’t able to return to their previous level of functioning, it’s my job to help them adapt to their current level of functioning in order to care for themselves, and prevent further decline. I feel that Jean Watson, who developed the theory of human caring, has had a big impact on my nursing practice. I think everyone, sick or not, wants to feel cared for. I try, as a nurse, to create an environment of caring for each patient I see. I feel it’s important to do this to provide an atmosphere for optimal healing. It can be difficult at times, especially in the home environment when there are other family members involved. Most families are very supportive, but at times there are difficult family members who cause undue stress for the patient. This is when it’s my job to act as a patient advocate, and help those family members cope in a way that is healthy for the patient and caregivers. It is important as a nurse to abide by certain principles. Two of those principles are nonmaleficence and respect for autonomy. I opened a patient’s case for home care recently and found Coumadin, Aspirin, and Plavix listed on his discharge medication list from the hospital. I was concerned with this, but especially when I found him to be a high fall risk. I called the physician and confirmed that there had been a mistake on his discharge instructions. He was new to Coumadin, and the Aspirin and Plavix were supposed to have been discontinued. This is an example of nonmaleficence. My goal was to protect the patient from harm. The same patient was released from the hospital with an acute COPD exacerbation. Once home, he continued to smoke a pack of cigarettes a day while on oxygen. I explained the disease process of COPD in a way he could understand, including why he should stop smoking. I also explained to him the risks of smoking while on oxygen. He chose to keep smoking. This is an  example of respect for autonomy. It is our job as nurses to explain risks to them in a way they can understand. We have to respect their decisions at that point, whether we agree with them or not. References American Nurses Association (2011). Code of Ethics for Nurses With Interpretive Statements. Retrieved from http://nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/EthicsStandards/CodeofEthicsforNurses/Code-of-Ethics.pdf Cherry, Jacob. (2011). Contemporary Nursing: Issues, Trends, and Management [VitalSouce bookshelf version]. Retrieved from http://online.vitalsource.com/books/978-0-323-06953-3/id/B9780323069533100054_f0015

Co-ordinate implementation of customer service strategie Essay

Brief Background McDonalds is a well admired, large organization of approximately 5,500 locally owned and operated businesses all around the world. Food quality is the key at McDonald’s as is has implemented rigorous food safety standards for almost 50 years, and the fast food restaurant has been recognized for its popular and well known meals, ranging from delicious burgers, well known French fries, healthy salads, rolls, fruits, deserts, and also breakfast foods such as bacon and eggs, cereals and pancakes. The restaurant also has Ronald McDonald House Charities and its global network of independent local Chapters, which help find, create, and support programs that directly improve the health and well-being of children. There are many employees in each McDonald’s restaurant which are well trained to help serve the more than 47 million customers, in 119 countries from more than 30,000 different restaurant locations. The specific department on which is being focused on this report revolves around working on the front counter; this includes customer service, preparation of the meals, dealing with cash, cleaning and stocking. Organisation’s internal and external customers Working on the front counter at McDonalds deals with the external customers, these are the people who pay for the product/food that the business has to offer. The employees, who work on the front counter, act as internal customers towards the employees at McDonalds who work in the back. People working on the front counter next-handle the jobs that have been completed from out the back where the food is made. When an external customer walks into a McDonald restaurant, straight away their main needs and expectations is to firstly walk into an attractive well maintained and clean environment, to have a fresh tasting meal delivered to them politely from a well organized employee, who should prepare the meal quickly but carefully, making sure no mistakes are made. Each and every employee has the resources they need to serve the customers so they can be prepared as each customer approaches. Restaurants are adequately staffed to allow for a good customer experience as well as to provide schedule flexibility, work-life balance and time for training. When serving the customers, employees should act in ways which make the customers feel as though they are happy with the service and would continue to do business with the organisation. Therefore the employees are trained to use appropriate communication techniques to make the customer feel comfortable, welcome and satisfied with the service. This means that every customer should receive respect, patience, friendliness, and good quality products. On behave of McDonalds (2004), claims that â€Å"At McDonald’s, we know that people are our most valuable resource. We aim to be the best employer in each community around the world where we do business.† Read more:  Customer Service Essay How the organisation recognizes its customer’s requirement McDonalds is well known as a fast food restaurant, therefore the meals are expected to be delivered to each customer in a fast, efficient way, but in the same time, the meals need to be prepared cautiously to make sure no mistakes are made and to also make sure that the meal is fresh and of great quality. Another issue concerned with the service is the ‘customer rush’ this is when many customers all approach at once. This usually occurs during lunch time, straight after school hours, and around dinner time. When there is a ‘customer rush’, the store should be adequately staffed to allow employees to be prepared and deal with the large group of people as quick as they can. The organisation becomes aware of the requirements from previous circumstances when customers complain that their food is not fresh, or if they have been waiting a long time for their meal to be prepared. All McDonald’s restaurants have possession of a particular McDonalds owned clock which works as a timer and helps in the process to distinguish how long the burgers have been sitting for. This process prevents the burgers from going past the stage where they are not fresh anymore. The fry station in which the fries are made also has a separate timer which goes of when the fries are no longer fresh. From time to time, accidents may happen and the timers may not be used efficiently. This is when the food gets cold, and customers begin to complain. When a customer complains of their food being cold or not fresh, they should be treated with extra consideration, get an apology and then have their meal replaced. The only way this problem can be resolved is for workers to make sure they keep an eye on the timers, and if there are no fresh burgers when a customer is served, they should be seated and have they’re meal taken to them within a few minutes. If a customer feels that they repeatedly receive food which is not fresh enough, and they do not mind waiting a few extra minutes, they can ask for a fresh burger. Then, they will be asked to be seated while their meal is being made. Another circumstance may be if a customer is allergic to something in a meal, or don’t want a particular ingredient in their food such as pickles in their burgers or salt on their fries. All they need to do is make the person who is serving them aware of this. This is called a grill, and their meal will be freshly made as of above. All the staff of McDonalds are trained to deal with the customers in a pleasant manner. Any suggestions from customers on how the service, environment, etc. can be improved would be taken positively and the matter would be discussed with the management because McDonalds wants all customers to be happy. Some McDonalds restaurants have suggestion boxes where customers can give their thoughts of any improvement which can be made for customer service delivery. The suggestions from customers are a great help to the management, as the customers are the ones who the store is trying to impress. Within time, business technology can assist with the service at McDonalds by creating higher technology cash register, which may help with interpreting the order and assistance with the cash. The quicker the meal is ordered the quicker the meal can be delivered. Business technology could also assist with serving the customers on drive through. â€Å"Our People Promise is more than words. McDonald’s and its independent owner/operators have made a commitment to our employees that we strive to achieve with our actions every day† McDonalds.com (2004). To deliver the People Promise, there are in place, five people principles which promote customer service strategies. They include Respect and recognition, Values and Leadership Behaviors, Competitive Pay and Benefits, Learning Developing and Personal Growth and Resourced to get the job done. The delivery of a quality service is essential to a successful business. â€Å"For McDonald’s to achieve our goal of being the world’s best quick service restaurant experience, we must have the best experience for all McDonald’s employees.† This quotes that the quality of the McDonalds business revolves around the employees actions. Another main issue is that there is always a clean surrounding of each restaurant, to make everyone feel comfortable to dine in. The main customer objective is when food is not fresh. To fulfill this objective, budget recourses which may help with the solution could include a buzzer or alarm to indicate that the food is off. Stronger heat may help so that the burgers, and fries stay hot, but this brings danger to the employees with the high risks of burns. The company can look further towards these issues to come to a resolution to the complaints. Conclusion The company of McDonalds is a largely known and popular business. The reoccurrence of so many customers indicates that it is successful. But there can never be enough of pleasing customers, because the more pleased customers become, the more business the store will get, this is from word of mouth. Therefore if a customer has a bad experience, the company’s earnings may slightly drop. McDonalds is cautious of the way they handle customers, the environment, and the quality of their food. They are also aware of customer complaints or suggestions of improving the service, food, etc. This helps a lot to improve the business which is becoming more and more popular everyday. Bibliography * http//:www.Mcdonalds.com.au * Burbury E, 2003, Deliver and Monitor a Service to Customers, Software publication Pty. Ltd., Sydney. * McDonalds Pty Ltd, 2001, Crew Member Handbook. * http//:www.Mcdonalds.com (world wide)   

Chemicals That Should Never Be Mixed

Chemicals That Should Never Be Mixed Some chemicals shouldnt be mixed together. In fact, these chemicals shouldnt even be stored near each other on the chance that an accident could occur and the chemicals could react. Be sure to keep incompatibilities in mind when reusing containers to store other chemicals. Here are some examples of mixtures to avoid: Acids with cyanide salts or cyanide solution. Generates highly toxic hydrogen cyanide gas.Acids with sulfide salts or sulfide solutions. Generates highly toxic hydrogen sulfide gas.Acids with bleach. Generates highly toxic chlorine gas. An example of this would be mixing bleach and vinegar.Ammonia with bleach. Releases toxic chloramine vapors.Oxidizing acids (e.g., nitric acid, perchloric acid) with combustible materials (e.g., paper, alcohols, other common solvents). May result in a fire.​Solid oxidizers (e.g., permanganates, iodates, nitrates) with combustible materials (e.g., paper, alcohols, other common solvents). May result in a fire.Hydrides (e.g., sodium hydride) with water. May form flammable hydrogen gas.Phosphides (e.g., sodium phosphide) with water. May form highly toxic phosphine gas.Silver salts with ammonia in the presence of a strong base. May generate an explosively unstable solid.Alkali metals (e.g., sodium, potassium) with water. May form flammable hydrogen gas.Oxidizing agents (e.g., nitric acid) with reducing agents (e.g., hydrazine). May cause fires or explosions. Unsaturated compounds (e.g., substances containing carbonyls or double bonds) in the presence of acids or bases. May polymerize violently.Hydrogen peroxide/acetone mixtures when heated in the presence of an acid. May cause explosions.Hydrogen peroxide/acetic acid mixtures. May explode upon heating.Hydrogen peroxide/sulfuric acid mixtures. May spontaneously detonate. General Advice About Mixing Chemicals While it may seem like chemistry is a good science to learn through experimentation, its never a good idea to randomly mix together chemicals to see what youll get. Household chemicals arent any safer than lab chemicals. In particular, you should use care when dealing with cleaners and disinfectants, since these are common products that react with each other to yield nasty results. Its a good rule of thumb to avoid mixing bleach or peroxide with any other chemical, unless youre following a documented procedure, are wearing protective gear, and are working under a fume hood or outdoors. Note that many chemical mixtures produce toxic or flammable gases. Even in the home, its important to have a fire extinguisher handy and work with ventilation. Use caution performing any chemical reaction near an open flame or heat source. In the lab, avoid mixing chemicals near burners. At home, avoid mixing chemicals near burners, heaters, and open flames. This includes pilot lights for ovens, fireplaces, and water heaters. While its common to label chemicals and store them separately in a lab, its also good practice to do this in a home. For example, dont store muriatic acid (hydrochloric acid) with peroxide. Avoid storing household bleach together with peroxide and acetone.

Strategic Choise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Strategic Choise - Essay Example Porter's Generic Strategies model (Porter, 1985) illustrated that competitive scope is to be either, focused on the whole market, or a narrow segment of the available market. In addition, the model emphasised that only two effective marketing strategies existed: lowest product costs or high-perceived value by the customer (differentiation) (Macmillan & Tampoe, 2000). The model depicts three generic strategies: 1) cost leadership; 2) differentiation; and 3) focus on a target market. The least attractive strategy is one that takes the middle ground between two options. For example, British Airways (BA) uses a differentiation strategy (Johnson & Scholes, 1999). "The "BA Way" business strategy actively engages with employees, shareholders, customers and the community (Johnson & Scholes, 1999). During 2004-2005 BA experienced an increase of 3.3% in revenue. In contrast, Adria Airlines' Customer Relationship Management strategy focuses on quality and the personal touch, according to Porter 's model would be focusing on a target market (Adria Airways, 2004). In contrast to Porter's model Adria experienced an increase in production and administrative costs of 12% during 2003-2004 (Adria Airways, 2004). Both airlines are concerned with only a narrow segment of the airline market, yet neither benefited substantially from their strategic choice. Bowman's Strategy Clock model (Macmillan & Tampoe, 2000) is comparable to Porter's model in that he also categorised competitive strategy into cost leadership or degree of differentiation (Johnson & Scholes, 1999, Macmillan & Tampoe, 2000). However, Bowman's model extended Porter's by incorporating a "hybrid" strategy that represented an optimal balance between perceived customer value and price. This provides an organisation with three broad strategies that exist on a continuum: 1) low cost and low value as perceived by the customer (i.e., generic brands); 2) "good value" products that find balance between price and value; and 3) high cost and high perceived value items (i.e., luxury goods) (Macmillan & Tampoe, 2000). Bowman's model is much more reflective of the 21st century marketing environment, in that many organisations specialise in providing products and services that blend low cost and high differentiation (Macmillan & Tampoe, 2000). For example, British Airways could be co nsidered to be using the hybrid strategy of Bowman's, as its business strategy seeks to lower costs yet differentiate itself by way of increasing its engagement with stakeholders (British Airways, 2005). According to Porter's model, this would be a weak strategy as it combines two generic strategies (i.e., cost leadership and differentiation). Adria Airlines Customer Relationship Management strategy (Adria Airways, 2004), could be considered to be in Bowman's category of focused differentiation, due to its provision of seasonal charter services, and personal high quality services. So that the higher price of their product also has perceived added value for a select target market. This category reflects Porter's generic category of differentiated focus for a narrow competitive strat

Audit Quality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Audit Quality - Essay Example The auditors are looked upon by the readers of the financial statements to give assurance that the data presented are free from MATERIAL errors or irregularities. The readers of the financial statements need the financial statements in order to help them in their decision making. At present, auditors are held liable for fault due to negligence or incompetence doing audit work. Also together with regulation and reputation liability acts as a discipline on audit quality in a context where shareholders and other third parties rely on financial information that is audited and paid for by the company audit( Dipiazza, 2000) client. A good example is the Enron case. The audit staff of Arthur Andersen was charged for being negligent in performance of the audit function. Arthur Andersen has now been relegated to the side walk while the remaining big four have remained walking in the major highways handling the major and juice clients of the entire United States and overseas. ISA 240 Fraud and Error. This auditing standard explains the procedures in the audit of Fraud (Zea, 2002) and Error. This audit standard also tells the penalties, especially criminal offenses like being jailed, for gross negligence in auditing the clients' financial statements. Fraud is defined as intentional misstatement either by the company employee (who steals money or property and conceals the errors) or the management itself. The management sometimes does this fraud in order to present a better picture of what the company is in reality. This is what we call, in the accounting parlance, as window dressing. ISA 250 Consideration of Laws and Regulations in an Audit of Financial Statements This auditing standard specifically instructs the auditors to determine if any laws have been violated by the false information presented in the financial statements. One such law of the land is the Income Tax Law, The Property Law, and the Contract law. ISA 220 Quality Control for Audit Engagements. Quality control of engagements means that each engagement must be done with real professionalism. Professionalism means that all auditing standards and auditing procedures must be followed whenever practical or possible. There must be a constant evaluation of audit performance ob all audit team member so that recommendations and corrections can be implemented so that the next engagement will be better and faster than the prior one. Quality audit means that all audit procedures are made to ensure gathering all relevant and material data as soon as possible. IAPS 1010 The Consideation of Environmental Matters in the Audit of FinancialStatements. One audit procedure in environmental audit is to see to it that no environmental laws have been vi

International business Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

International business - Case Study Example In this mode, the statement reporting books are translated so as the proceeding activity will be taken over by the legal bodies. The importance of this type of translation is it makes sense to the financial statements and to show the position of the company’s date of home currency. It forms the simplest currency exposure that can be understood by the ordinary learners. It pertains the duration of the exposure while taking place and it involves a foreign exchange in the business. It also targets the monetary process for the profit generation. The management can initiate some strategies to control these exposures. The use of money markets, foreign exchange derivative such as future contracts and forward contracts (Levi 24). The opted strategy is the company carefully selection of production sites with the aim of reducing cost. The businesses that rely on the domestic market vary from because the profit produced by the dependent firms is high. The policies that have been implemented by the IMF will not work well with the developing countries having a young economy. The policy states that, â€Å"Since the debt crisis of 1980’s, the IMF has assumed the role of bailing out countries in case of the financial crisis. (caused in a large part by the currency speculation in the global casino economy). With the emergency loan packages tied to certain conditions, often referred to as structure adjustment policies† (Levi 24). From these policies, IMF was opposed because of some reasons. Among the reason was that from the structured adjustment policies, IMF created an immoral system of modern day colonialism. The collaboration of IMF with World Bank and WTO, it exposed the economy to inequality and destruction of the environment. Cutting expenditure on health and educations was their advice to countries so that they can pay their debt. When this is performed, elimination of necessary food and putting aside, transportation

Mission Statement Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mission Statement - Coursework Example In essence, we are a school within a school. We have six Montessori classes at varying levels. We have supported the inclusion of children with special needs from the beginning. (We currently have 35 enrolled.) Supportive services are provided through the Belle Center and the Chicago Public Schools. We have a nationally recognized Outdoor Learning Environment - recognized by the National Wildlife Foundation. Our garden is the recipient of numerous awards from the City Of Chicago. The wetlands garden provides a wonderful place for children to explore, play and learn about themselves and the world around them. Parents are vital to our school and encouraged to participate in as much as they are able. We view parents as partners with the teachers in the care and education of the children. Many parents even serve on our Board or on many of our volunteer committees. Our faculty is composed of highly skilled Early Childhood professionals that have been selected because of their commitment and dedication to both children and families. Assistant teachers provide support to the teacher as well as love, warmth and knowledge to the children. Sister Barbara Jean Ciszek, C.S.J., also known as Sister BeeJay, has been our principal since we were founded in 1998. In her role, she works with the board, parents and faculty to oversee the day-to-day operation of the school as well as the spiritual and educational development of our students. She is under the direction of the Archdiocesan Superintendent of the Catholic

Technology and Innovation in the Hospitality industry

Technology and Innovation in the Hospitality industry INTRODUCTION There are innovations that do not advance from the different sources. The addition consistent from analysis, arrangement and harder plan is all that can be discussed and presented as the practice of innovation. But this is all that charge be presented back it absolutely covers at least 90% of all able innovations. And the amazing performer in innovation, as in every added area, will be able abandoned if ashore in the conduct and skill of it. Purposeful, systematic innovations begin with the assay of the opportunities. It begins with cerebration through what I accept alleged the sources of avant-grade opportunities. In altered area, altered sources will accept altered accent at altered times. It is said that ‘very few of us accept Leonardo’s ability or genius and can apprehend that our notebooks alone will assure immortality.’ Innovation is conceptual as well as perceptual. On this earth, we can see a lot of technology based minds about us who we as well accredit to as ‘techno-freaks’, but basically they are the sole acumen for the luxuries that we get these days! If Edison wouldn’t have had agitated about the absence of ablaze about him again he would never have had invented the bulb. Same goes with every individual invention and discovery that has taken abode in this world back time immemorial. Technology according to me is what keeps man going and enjoying what he does. If work has no interest left in it then the situation will come one day that everything will stop from developing and remain in the same place for ages. Hospitality industry is a sector which needs constant updating, in this industry we are in 24/7 contact with the guests so we need to cater their demands and give them the best services that can possibly be given. 5 of such major developments of technologies that has contributed to the operational efficiency of global hospitality industry are discussed further. Chapter 2 Mobile Robots 2.1 Introduction: There is a growing interest in applying different concepts and techniques in assistant robots these days. Due to the increasing work load all the major companies and the hoteliers expect to have sharers which should have a number of characteristics such as easy reconfiguration, anatomy, robust perception systems and most importantly the ability to interact with humans. Automatic hotel assistant systems are based on a number of principles that help in the interaction with guests and service personnels to perform different tasks. Accompanying the guests to their rooms, providing them with usual information, delivering small items to the guests and showing them different points of interest in the hotel are some of the aspects that we get to see in such robots. Each robot can as well apart handle some regular appointed tasks. 2.2 Working: The robots can perform tasks based on the circumstances triggered by the buildings automation system (BAS) apart from the user generated and appointed tasks. A local network (Ethernet) connects the robots and the BAS to a central server. Creating and developing the system and testing it in different environments was done by Robotics Integrated Development Environment (RIDE). Service robots were mostly advised as humanoid administration able of allowance bodies in altered means with sophisticated communication systems. Over the past few years a few acknowledged examples of account robots appeared on market. These robots are chipped in the hotel building and affiliated to the central server via Wi-Fi. The guests can make a request for their need either by the terminal in their room or by directly interacting with the robot. From the terminal in their room, they can make a request for small items like newspapers or snacks. In this way the central server will receive the request made by the guests and thus decide which robot to send. While the robots are not working, they are connected to the charging stations. There is a task manager in the central server which will allocate the particular task to the robot else will queue it in case of unavailability. The robot will plan the work and move accordingly from the starting point which has the collection of the items asked for to the updating by the guest on the touch screen of the robot which indicates the end of the work i.e. the guest received his order. Further, the robot will check for the next task or else go back to the charging station . 2.3 Example: Sacarino, is a type of a robot which interacts with the guests using its touchscreen and the Loquendo voice recognition system. This robot includes a chat box which provides more detailed things that include the restaurant’s schedule, location of the shops, weather forecast and about the services that the hotel provides. These adaptable robots are acclimated by Hotel Novotel in Valladolid (Spain). 2.4 Future scope: According to the Uncanny Valley theory, robots should be made more human like in order to create a friendly atmosphere around so that the guests become increasingly positive and empathic towards the robot. Giving this human touch to the department of robotics will prove to be more beneficial in the near future. Chapter 3 Airfare Forecasting Feature 3.1 About Kayak: Kayak.com is a travel website which can be further stated as a travel metasearch engine operated by Kayak Software Corporation. On the 15th of January 2013 at 12.45 pm, kayak.com launched an airfare forecasting feature in its website which they believe will help the travellers make the right decision. Kayak is not the first company to offer an airfare forecasting feature, in 2003, Farecast.com debuted an agnate concept, touting an all-embracing accurateness of about 75%, it was bought by Microsoft in 2008 which further became the base for Bing Travel. Kayak has two important aspects which makes it more efficient and powerful. The first one is the range of confidence level and the second one makes up the ability to initiate and develop new technologies to this feature due to the great financial horsepower which they inherited by the purchase of kayak by Priceline for $1.8 billion. Kayak is also superior in terms of tapping more information than what Bing actually does. 3.2 About the feature: This feature anticipates weather the price will rise or fall with a confidence level in the divination over the next seven days. For instance, flights from A to B has 1200 flight options along with a graph showing the price trends and an inscription reading ‘price may rise in 7 days’ with a suggestion besides it as ‘book now’. Further clicking on the graph a set of information is revealed which talks about the price trend history over a particular period with the confidence level saying that the price may rise or fall within a certain approximation amount. Being a very useful tool, this feature of kayak has almost 1 billion searches annually. 3.3 Basis: Kayak states that it developed the forecasts with the help of mathematical models and algorithms that are based on past pricing history from sources like online travel agents, wholesalers, low cost carriers and reservation systems. 3.4 AFF (Confidence level): This tool of kayak covers roughly 50% of the searches for the flights done by the people on the site. The confidence level of this particular feature ranges from 55% to 95%. However high the confidence level is, no system can be 100% accurate so there is always a scope for error and improvement. Hence, kayak always tells their customers to book it if they see a good price. 3.5 Impact after usage: After using this feature, the travellers are happy because it saves their time and helps them in every possible way. The prediction of rise/fall of the prices helps them make a better decision. In this way, not only Kayak is benefitted by getting an ample number of searches but also the customers are satisfied because of the fulfilment of their needs which primarily includes saving money! Chapter 4 Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) 4.1 Introduction: Due of the increasing demands, there is an increase in the pollution as well as degradation of the natural things observed. The hotels are the prime places where we cannot compromise for luxury or even for the demand of the guests for that matter. In this case, the safeguarding of nature is almost impossible! For such a crisis Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) came up with a program in which the hotels would be rated according to their efficiency and the level of maintaining the green buildings and use the resources efficiently. 4.2 Criteria for certification: Based on the location, environmental awareness and applications, construction and the designs of the buildings, the hotels are judged. The hotels eligible for this certificate have to share all the details of the energy and water used by them over a certain period of specified time. It is not at all easy to get through this. Only two hotels in US are certified by LEED till date. 4.3 Hotels in US certified by LEED: They are Proximity Hotel in Greensboro, North Carolina and the Bardessono Hotel in Yountville, California. 4.4 The Bardessono: The Bardessono, a boutique hotel in Napa Valley was given the LEED platinum certification by the US Green building council in 2010. This hotel uses a 200 kilowatt solar power system. There are about 947 solar panels mounted on the hotels flat roof top. These solar panels make the hotel almost invisible to the neighbours. There are geothermal systems installed along with these solar panels which provides cooling and heating to the rooms. 4.5 Impact and scope: In order to get the LEED certification, the hotels have started adopting the different ways and applications of green technology. Water conservation which was the major issue since ages is now being taken under consideration. LEED contributes to the environmental safeguarding to a great extent thus giving the hotels a wider scope for developing in this area, developing the â€Å"green building† theory. Chapter 5 Decision Support System 5.1 Introduction: The awfully increasing number of allowance (hotel rooms) bookings are not alone intensifying the competition in the travel industry, but as well alert travel intermediates (i.e. e-companies that accumulate information about altered travel products from altered travel suppliers) into the fierce competition of travel products i.e. hotel rooms for the best prices. A GIS (Geographic Information System) based decision support system is used by hotels now-a-days that using essential location and hotel characteristics can predict objective rates of rooms of the hotel and anticipate temporal room rate prices. The temporal anticipation of room rates can be used for calibrating the cost of the future contract by examining the hotel room rate history. 5.2 Working: DSS unites a widely used data mining framework that allocates access to many of ready to run algorithms that a domain expert uses and it presents the possibility of attaching new algorithms once they are matured. This system has been created and evaluated in co-operation with companies where travel technology solutions are generated, specifically catalogue management and costing solutions for many websites and travel agencies worldwide. In DSS, by accessing all the required data from the corporate database, the analyst is able to choose the section of investigation. It permits him to add additional data that he thinks is significant in the analysis. Such data could be the things of interest around the hotels, availability of the transportation, historical places etc. 5.3 GIS: The GIS technology was specifically used for estimating the distance between the properties and mapping (Sarip, 2005). GIS was segregated into an automated process for property valuation (Gracia et al., 2008) which allocates support in adjustment to ascribe and layer spatial data; to represent compound spatial relations; to examine spatial data and to show that data in the form of maps (Densham, 1991). 5.4 Models: Two types of models form the basis of the GIS based decision support system viz., the one on hedonic pricing theory which is made up of the hotel’s intrinsic characteristics (amenities, facilities) and different locational characteristics (museums, restaurants) And the second model is made up of the historical room rates of the hotels. Chapter 6 Streamlined RFP Technology 6.1 Introduction: On the 14th of April, 2010, Cvent, a prime event provider of online event administration, website selection and event sourcing solutions, has extended its association with Hyatt by merging the Cvent Supplier Network, as electronic Request For Proposal (RFP) program for events and meetings, with Envision, a point of sale propriety sales application of Hyatt. After Hyatt experienced a substantial increase in group business RFP volume as an aftereffect of retailing its hotels on the Cvent Supplier Network, this technological affiliation was established in 2009. With the rush of group business leads being sent to Hyatt Hotels, an amalgamated solution was essential to seamlessly transform the RFP’s of Cvent to the in-house sales application at Hyatt. 6.2 Working: This affiliation permits for a seamless shift of data between Cvent and Envision, so that all RFP’s directed to full service Hyatt properties via Cvent Suppliers Network will automatically arise in the Envision System, says the Executive Vice President of Sales and Marketing at Cvent, Chuck Ghoorah. Sales delegates at Hyatt will be able to review Cvent RFP’s inside the Envision database, accelerating the accuracy and reaction time in reproducing. The Envision database comprises data about guests and also the Hyatt hotel features which include guestrooms, banquet and meetings bookings and moreover the agendas for Hyatt properties globally. 6.3 Impact after usage: With this integrating of the RFP program, the Hyatt properties can save a lot of time. They no longer have to go on Cvent every time to check for their bookings for events and meetings, these directly are transferred to their software, Envision, thus simplifying a lot of things. Chapter 7 Summary Technologies have always played a vital role in the development of mankind. They not only make people well upgraded but also quick paced in this competitive world. The good old days of simplicity are slowly fading away and all people want is the top most luxuries and facilities that anyone can ever get or even think about. Five of such technologies that have contributed to the operational efficiency in the global hospitality industry have been discussed above. This generation is supposed to be the time when all the ideas and the theories were to be converted into practical and it is happening likewise. The time is not far when technologies along with the applications and systems will overpower man. Then, the terms of luxury and comfort will have a different meaning altogether.